No player has the right to "knee" any other player, period.
The situation you describe on corner kicks is NOT a foul. "All players have a right to their position on the field of play; being in the way of an opponent is not the same as moving into the way of an opponent." Any player can stand right next to any other player and not move, including next to a keeper on a corner kick.
As for the free kick, it would be offside (assuming all other requirements) if the player impacts the keeper's ability to make a play on the ball.
Au contraire:
http://www.askasoccerreferee.com/blocking-or-holding-the-goalkeeper-at-a-corner-kick-or-free-kick/
http://www.askasoccerreferee.com/marking-the-keeper-at-corner-kicks/
Law 12: "An indirect free kick is awarded if a player....impedes the progress of an opponent without any contact being made"
IIUC there was some big controversy in the revision of the 2007 laws where it was expressly called out, but then reworded because it was feared that the implication would be that the keeper could be impeded on something other than a corner. Perhaps Surfref has more knowledge, but it's not a new problem.
I take your point though. All players have the right to their position. The problem of course is that such concept doesn't make any sense. What if 2 players want to occupy the same position. The Laws, IIUC, don't really state who has precedence. What if 2 players on the corner want to occupy the same space? Whoever gets there first? In any case, the rebuttal by a keeper to this is easy. Striker stands in front of the keeper to impede. Keeper moves to the side. Striker follows. The clear intent has been establish by the striker to impede as opposed to just hold their position.