You are actually quite mistaken about player rights and ownership. This was partially true 2 decades ago however a lot has changed. Clubs are not allowed to own player rights in youth sports in the EU and/or most major development centers across the world. They can however tie down a player to a professional/semi-professional contract exactly as they do in the US from age 12 onwards (see Da'vian Kimbrough). Furthermoe, they cannot offer contracts to international players until they turn 18. They can sign them at an earlier age (16) but cannot bring them over to their country and academy until they are legally adults at 18. The only work around to this is if the players family immigrates to that country on their own. This is actually governed by not only EU Law but also FIFA.
The average cost of a good academy in Spain is between 25,000 and 40,000 Euros a year, compared to ones in the UK which can start at 40,000 pounds a year going up to 100K+ for the top academies, significantly more than anything here in the US. Keep in mind these academies are not purely soccer center but provide schooling, housing etc. A contracted youth player cannot be sold but has an obligation to the club with which they are contracted similar to the way someone is obligated in the US when their firm/company pays for further education. You either have to continue working for the firm/company till you pay off that investment or you/someone else pays off your debt/loan. The training/coaching/education the academies provide are essentially a loan in lieu of the athelete playing for the club in the future. They do always have to opportunity to buy out their contract and move to another club or quit playing if they want to. This is no different in the US with sports scholarships in high school and college. You cannot take a Football scholarship with UCLA but then play for USC. The alternative is you pay out of pocket for your own training/development/education. I hope this helps provide perspective.
There is nothing wrong with Clubs giving paying customers what they want, my point has always been that the league needs to moderate how they allow these "multiple levels" created by the clubs get treated when it comes to level of competitive play.