The graph isn't new. Maybe more relevant might be that conditions on Earth were ideal to allow humans to evolve in the last 2-3 million years, so discount 483M of the graph. Then modern humans evolved maybe 300,000 years ago, so discard 484.7M years of the graph. Then, realistically its only since the last ice age, i.e. in the last 11,700 years where we have started to populate the Earth.
Speaking of which, 1000 years ago, there were maybe 300M humans; 100 years ago, there was about 1.7B humans; now there is 8B+ humans.
The rate of temp increase will impact many things, over time. The biggest impacts will be sea level rises, bread baskets of the world will move north (51st state & Greenland anyone?); sea will increase in temp impacting fish; access to water etc.. As the graph clearly demonstrates the Earth will be fine as a few centuries is nothing in the greater scheme of things.
It'll take many decades and even centuries, so our generation is fine; all good.